Theresian Military Academy
Burgplatz 1,2700 Wiener Neustadt, 2700, Austria
About
The Theresian Military Academy is an academy, where the Austrian Armed Forces train their officers. The Academy is located in the castle of Wiener Neustadt in Lower Austria. History The Theresian Military Academy is the oldest military academy in the world [1] and was founded on 14 December 1751 by Maria Theresa of Austria who gave the first commander of the Academy, Fieldmarshal Leopold Josef Graf Daun (Lord Daun), the order "Mach' er mir tüchtiger Officirs und rechtschaffene Männer darauß" ("Make me hard working officers and honest men"). Per year the Academy accepted 100 noblemen and 100 commoners to start their education there.[2] In 1771 Fieldmarshal Lieutenant Hannig published the official studying plan and in 1775 Maria Theresa published the Academy Rules. At this time it took 11 years to complete the Academy but step by step it was shortened to 3 years. The Styrian Prince Erzherzog Johann (Archduke John) was the principal Headmaster of the academy for 44 years (1805–1849).[citation needed] In the First Republic (1918–1938) the academy was located in Enns untll 1934 and then again in the castle of Wiener Neustadt. A very special thing in the time between the Austrofascism and the Anschluss (Occupation of Austria by Nazi Germany) was that Lieutenant General Rudolf Towarek (Commander of the TherMilAk between 1933 and 1938) didn't let the Wehrmacht inside the castle for several days, which was the only military resistance of Austria against the occupation by Nazi Germany. GenLt Towarek wasn't punished for this action but he was retired and had the right to wear the Austrian uniform after his retirement which was more than unusual in those days.[citation needed] After the Anschluss the Wehrmacht installed a war school for non-commissioned officers at the castle of Wiener Neustadt. The first commander of this school was Erwin Rommel. At this time the Germans erected a new building next to the castle which is nowadays known as Fort Daun in which the Military High School of Austria is located.[3] After World War II and the Austrian State Treaty which was signed in 1955 the totally destroyed castle was rebuilt and in 1958 the military academy was again located in Wiener Neustadt after a short intermezzo (1955-1958) in Enns.
